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Osoto Gaeshi (JudoInfo.com)
DEFENSES AND COUNTERS IN GENERAL
In this series you'll see one of the counter
movements for osoto gari, undoubtedly the most
important one. In studying these sequence photos,
it is important to remember two facts about
counters. First, you must first defend against the
throw you are going to counter. Your movement is
always a defense, which, if carried to its logical
conclusion; results in a counter. Second, your
counter must begin as or even before he attacks.
Failures to counter successfully are almost always
due to failure to begin the counter soon enough.
right rear, Odell counters by swinging his own body
backward to the left rear, turning his hips away to
present a strong point (the side of his body) to the
sweep which is coming; thus Odell changes Leroy's
drive from left front to toward Leroy's own right front
side. This redirecting of the initial drive is all-
important.
ACTION OF THE LEFT LEG
Study carefully, the swing of Odell's left leg
backward. Note that it is quite deep so that there is
no danger that Leroy's sweep will trap both his legs.
Leroy's osoto gari is already lost. If Leroy were
going to be successful with this throw, Odell would
be driven back on his right heel. Note that instead of
being driven back, Odell's chin has been pulled in
and forward, and his shoulders are being swung
forward just opposite to the way Leroy wants to
drive him for the osoto. It may seem that Odell's
position is weak at this moment, but remember that
these photos are snapped right in the middle of the
action, and Leroy has not actually made contact
with his sweeping leg as yet. The chief danger at
this instant of the throw is if Leroy is able to drive
Odell back so that his balance is broken and he
cannot recover. Odell has in fact stopped this
danger by redirecting Leroy's drive with his
backward turning movement. The osoto counter will
not work if you don't redirect the thrower's drive and
stop his kuzushi.
THE PLAYERS
Here we see Leroy Abe of Denver,
Colorado, (left above) attacking with osoto, and
Odell Terry, of New York (on the right) countering.
Leroy is one of the top light heavyweights (205) in
the country, placing fourth in the 1966 National AAU
Judo Championships. Odell, who began his Judo
with the AFJA while in the Marine Corps on
Okinawa and later was stationed at Camp
Pendleton, placed second in the 1966 National AAU
Judo Championships in the Middle Weight Division
(176). Both are sandan (third degree).
FIRST DEFENSE, COUNTERING THE KUZUSHI
(OFF-BALANCE)
The initial movement of Odell's body to
defend against Leroy's off balancing drive is clearly
shown in these stop-action sequence photos. As
Leroy whips in, trying to drive Odell backward to his
Osoto Gaeshi (JudoInfo.com)
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 Osoto Gaeshi (JudoInfo.com)
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BODY TWIST AND PULL
In the four photos on these two pages the
osoto counter (called osoto kaeshi) is nearly
completed. Now Odell's hands are pulling with full
strength to force Leroy's head up (as in the left
photo above) and to break Leroy's balance for
Odell's own osoto gari. Look very carefully at the
slant of Odell's body into the counter in both of the
above photos. You'll see that the twist which was
starting strongly in the two photos on the last page
is now an all-out snap and twist to redirect Leroy's
drive from Leroy's left to right front side, and then to
continue to Leroy's left rear corner and counter
throw him with osoto. Odell's left arm, straight in the
left photo above, is pulling tight across his chest so
much that it is bent at right angles in the left photo
on the next page. This pull of the left arm, and the
pull up and across with Odell's right hand, coupled
with the twist of the body, is what destroys Leroy's
kuzushi, and redirects him into Odell's counter
osoto.
up with maximum force and effectiveness.
LEG ACTION
In the left photo above Odell's left leg is just
touching down after its swing to the left rear. His left
foot is just visible under Leroy's right foot. Note that
the left leg is driving, with the knee slightly bent and
the ball of the foot just touching. It is important to
swing the left leg back in just the right way so that
the opponent's body will remain close and counter
thrower will keep control of it.
Think carefully what would have happened if
Odell's leg had slid straight back to the position
marked with a circled(1) on the mat. Then his whole
body would have been to far away from Leroy, and
his right leg could only have hooked Leroy's leg
ineffectively, not swept it. On the other hand, if he
had completely swung his left leg completely around
back to the position marked with a circled (2), he
would in fact have been countering Leroy with harai
goshi. The harai goshi counter to osoto actually
happens a good deal, but it takes longer to execute
and is therefore more dangerous than the osoto
counter to osoto.
In practicing or teaching this counter the first
mistake of the counter thrower will probably be to
fail to destroy the thrower's off balance and redirect
his movement. But even if the counter thrower
succeeds in changing the off balance of the thrower
to an off balance of his own, incorrect placement of
the left foot can ruin everything. So the second
common error is to place the foot too far back or too
far around. Thousands of practice tries are
HEAD ACTION
A very important part of the counter at this
stage is the movement of Odell's head. In the left
photo above notice how deep his chin is pulled in,
and in the right photo study carefully the twisting
downward action of the head. The body follows the
head. Divers start their twist by twisting the head,
and Judo is no different. Proper head positioning is
extremely important at this instant of the counter. If
the head is thrown around and down swiftly, the
back is aligned so that the sweeping leg can drive
Osoto Gaeshi (JudoInfo.com)
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 Osoto Gaeshi (JudoInfo.com)
required to get the feel of the counter, because the
foot will be placed a little differently for each
attacker.
Leroy tight against his side while breaking his
balance. Thus, when he is ready to reap, after
having got all his weight thrown onto his left foot, he
will reap all of Leroy's body with the counter.
To get power in the reap, Odell's right foot is
pointed. In the right photo on the last page you'll
see this clearly. You must point your foot and toes
along the straight line of your leg to get the power in
the reap. This is true of
all
sweeping and reaping
movements of the leg, major (rear sweep) and
minor (forward sweep), without any exceptions.
In the two photos above the true nature of
the reaping action is clearly show. It is not a hooking
action of the leg with the leg starting straight and
ending bent. It is a rotary motion of the whole body
around the left hip joint. You can draw a nearly
straight line between Odell's right foot and the top of
his head in every one of the six photos on these two
pages and the next. This means that the whole
body is sweeping, not just the lower leg. This is the
third big mistake that is made in this counter. The
counter thrower loses power by failing to sweep with
his leg extended and with his whole body. He may
just put his foot down and try to push his opponent
over it, or he may leave his head upright and try to
hook the opponent's leg up by doubling up his own.
In either case the counter won't work right. One final
point on the leg action. Notice that all the way thru
the reap, Odell is keeping his head twisting to the
left and down so that his weight will remain
balanced on his left foot.
RIGHT LEG REAPING ACTION
In the left photo above the counter thrower
has completed his kuzushi (off balance), has also
completed the tsukuri (positioning one's own body),
and is beginning the kake (final throwing action).
Here you must take not of the perfect position of
Odell's body as he begins the kake. Having swung
his left foot back and around to the right position,
and having thrown all his weight on it, he is
balanced perfectly on his left foot and is ready to
reap with his right leg. Remember that if the foot
placement is wrong, or if the body is not pulled and
twisted completely, then some of the weight will be
left on the right foot of the counter thrower, and he
will be unable to reap with it. The counter will
therefore fizzle out into a tugging match and
stalemate.
Look closely at the position of Odell's right
leg at his moment. His right leg is completely
engaged with Leroy's right leg, not just hooking it
behind the knee. This is extremely important,
because in this position he has complete control of
Leroy's body, not just the right leg. His main force,
in fact, is directed
upward
against the back of
Leroy's right thigh, hip, and buttock. You must
understand that all that has gone before has
resulted in this perfect position. Look through the
photos in sequence again, and you'll see that all of
Odell's pull and twist have been aimed at pulling
Osoto Gaeshi (JudoInfo.com)
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 Osoto Gaeshi (JudoInfo.com)
RIGHT ARM ACTION
In the last photo on the preceding page you'll
see Odell's right arm coming into action to drive
Leroy down into the mat. Notice that the right arm is
bent at least at right angles. It got bent by the force
of Odell's pull across his body. In both photos on the
preceding page this is clear. When the pull is
finished and the arm well bent, the right arm is in a
natural position to push very strongly against the
opponent's chest to drive him down and complete
the throw.
arm lock. This is essential. In many cases the
counter thrower will score only a waza ari (half
point) with this counter. Therefore, he must continue
into mat work without an instant's hesitation. This
calls to mind the great player Nozaki of Southern
California, who won five U.S. AAU lightweight
championships. Nozaki always continued into mat
work, usually an arm bar, as a part of his throws
and counters. He never left anything to chance, He
never left anything to chance, which made him the
champion he was.
LEFT ARM ACTION
The left arm action in the photos above is
the same as before, a strongly continuing pull to
turn the opponent's body over.
GENERAL SUMMARY
Here are the points to remember in
practicing this counter for osoto gari. (1) Starting the
counter nearly is essential. Counter when you think
he is about to start his throw, don't wait until he
actually starts the throw. If you wait that long, he'll
break your balance before you can counter. Try to
develop a sixth sense of knowing when he is going
to attack. Don't worry if you start the counter
sometimes when he doesn't attack, it's all part of
developing that instantaneous reaction.
(2) He intends to break your balance to your right
rear corner with his osoto. Your first action must be
to redirect this action toward your left rear corner
instead by pulling sharply across your body with
both hands and dropping and twisting your upper
body to the left.
(3) Swing back with your left leg to a position that
will balance you with his body pinned to yours.
(4) Sweep with your whole body, toe pointed, and
leg straight. Follow thru into mat work.
FINAL REAPING ACTION
Compare the position of Odell's left foot on
the mat in the right photo on the last page with its
position in the left photo above. Note that in the left
photo above the reaping action up against Leroy's
body has driven Odell up in the air to the ball and
toes of his foot. It is this final spring and drive
upward with the reap that makes the counter
complete. It is the opposite of just putting your foot
behind your opponent and trying to push him over it,
which is so often done with incorrect countering of
osoto.
FOLLOW THROUGH
In the right photo above Odell's body is in
fine position to continue into mat work or to take an
Osoto Gaeshi (JudoInfo.com)
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